Guru Gobind Singh Ji has a huge hand in the development of the Sikh community. Guru Gobind Singh was the founder of Sikhism but he had a great hand in taking Sikhism forward as he started the military ethos in which some male Sikhs were asked to carry swords at all times. He was the last Sikh Guru in the Sikh community and for this reason, he is known as Param Guru, Guru Granth Sahib.
Guru Gobind Singh Born and Early Life
Guru Gobind Singh was the only son of his father Guru Tegh Bahadur and mother Gujri. Guru Ji was born on 22 December 1666, in Patna Sahib, State of Bihar, India. At the time of his birth, his father had gone to preach religion in Bengal and Assam. He was named Gobind Rai. After his birth, he lived in Patna for four years and his place of birth is known today as “Takht Shri Patna Harimandar Sahib”.
In 1670 his family returned to Punjab. He then moved to Chakka Nanki in March 1672, which is situated in the lower valley of the Himalayas. There he took his education. The city of Chakk Nanki was founded by Teg Bahadur Ji, father of Gobind Singh, today is known as Anandpur Sahib. In 1665, he bought that place from the Sasak of Bilaspur (Kahlur).
Even before his death, Tegh Bahadur had announced Guru Gobind ji as his successor name. Later on March 29, 1676, Gobind Singh became the 10th Sikh Guru. While living in a camp on the banks of the river Yamuna, Guru Gobind Ji also learned martial arts, hunting, literature, and languages such as Sanskrit, Persian, Mughal, Punjabi, and Braj languages.
Establishment of Khalsa Pant
Guru Gobind Singh Ji’s nurturing brought something new in the history of the Sikh community. He built Khalsa Khalsa which is a collective form of Sikhism duly initiated followers on the day of Baisakhi in 1699.
In a meeting of the Sikh community, he asked in front of everyone – who wants to sacrifice his head? At the same time, a volunteer agreed to this and Guru Gobind Singh took him to the tent and returned sometime later with a bloodied sword.
The Guru asked the people of that crowd the same question again and in the same way, another person agreed and went with them but when they came out of the tent, the blood-stained sword was in their hands.
Similarly, when the fifth swayamsevak went inside the tent with him, Guru Gobind Singh returned after some time with all the surviving servants and named him Panj Pyare Panj Pyare or earlier Khalsa.
Guru Gobind Singh Ji Fights
It is said that Guru Gobind Singh fought a total of fourteen wars, but never detained or damaged the people of any place of worship.
Battle of Bhangani (1688)
Battle of Nadaun (1691)
Battle of Guler (1696)
First Battle of Anandpur (1700)
Battle of Anandpur Sahib (1701)
Battle of Nirmohgarh (1702)
Battle of Basoli (1702)
Battle of Anandpur (1704)
Battle of Sarsa (1704)
Battle of Chamkaur (1704)
Battle of Muktsar (1705)
Zafarnama
When Guru Gobind Singh saw that the Mughal army had wrongly fought and brutally murdered his sons, instead of giving up arms, Guru Gobind Sing issued a letter “Zafarnama” to Aurangzeb.
Later Guru Ji founded again in Muktsar, Punjab, and devoted himself to create a new chapter of Adi Granth which has been compiled by the fifth Sikh Guru Arjuna.
He has created a collection of his writings called Dasam Granth and his autobiography named Bachchar Natak.
Shri Guru Gobind Singh Ji Death
According to Senapati Shri Guru Sobha, Guru Gobind Singh had a deep injury on his heart. Because of this, on October 7, 1708, at the age of 42 in Hazur Sahib Nanded, Nanded, abandoned his body.
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